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Factors Influencing Utilization of Child Immunization Services in a Tertiary Health Institution in Sokoto North-West Nigeria

Received: 6 May 2020     Accepted: 22 May 2020     Published: 3 June 2020
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Abstract

Despite our hygiene and safety some infections can still spread hence the need for vaccination and immunization of people especially during childhood. The high effectiveness of immunization in preventing diseases and death as made immunization one of public health’s most cost-effective intervention. When parents fail or do not complete their child’s vaccination, diseases that are long gone might re-appear. This study aimed at determining the knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers/guide towards immunization and the factors affecting utilization of immunization services in a tertiary institution in North-West Nigeria. One hundred and thirty-eight mothers/guides participated in this cross-sectional study. Respondents were recruited using a purposive sampling technique. A 47-item questionnaire on the self-reported knowledge, attitudes and practices towards utilization of immunization services was formulated and used for data collection. A focus group discussion which involved three vaccination health workers working in the health facility was also carried out in the study. A large proportion of the participants are within the age group of 21-30 (60.14%). Those who had no formal education, 53 (38.41%) were the majority. This study revealed that 93% have poor knowledge while 7% have good knowledge about immunization. 57.97% have good attitudes and 42.03% have poor attitude towards immunization. 52.90% have good practices while 47.10% have poor practices towards immunization. Level of education was revealed to have statistical significant relationship with mothers/guides knowledge, attitude and practice towards immunization. Factors such as lack of husbands’ consent, absence from town, sick child, travel cost and travel distance were reported to affect utilization of immunization services. According to the outcome of this study, it implies that a high proportion of mothers/guides have poor knowledge about immunization. Efforts should be made to appropriately educate mothers/guides on various vaccine preventable diseases and appropriate immunization schedules to ensure better compliance. Lack of husband’s consent is a major factor that affects the utilization of child immunization services by mothers/guides. Therefore, efforts should be targeted at educating men and employ necessary campaigns to change gender discrimination in relationships and households in this part of Nigeria.

Published in International Journal of Immunology (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.iji.20200802.13
Page(s) 25-32
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Vaccination, Immunization, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Utilization

References
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[3] Nasiru, S. G., Aliyu, G. G., Gasasira, A., Aliyu, M. H., Zubair, M., Mandawari, S. U., Waziri, H., Nasidi, A., & El-Kamary, S. S. (2012). Breaking community barriers to polio vaccination in Northern Nigeria: the impact of a grass roots mobilization campaign (Majigi). Pathogens and global health, 106 (3), 166–171. https://doi.org/10.1179/2047773212Y.0000000018
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[8] Pielak K L., Mcintyre C. C., Tu A. W., Remple V. P., Halperin B. & Buxton J. A. (2010) Identifying attitudes, beliefs and reported practices of nurses and doctors as immunization providers. Journal of Advanced Nursing 66 (7), 1602–1611.
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[11] Nicole Boulianne, Bernard Duval, Gaston De Serres, et al., “Opinions of Quebec Parents and Vaccinators on the Usefulness of Chickenpox Vaccine,” Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 153-156, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1155/2001/948478.
[12] Angadi, M. M., Jose, A. P., Udgiri, R., Masali, K. A., & Sorganvi, V. (2013). A study of knowledge, attitude and practices on immunization of children in urban slums of bijapur city, karnataka, India. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR, 7 (12), 2803–2806. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2013/6565.3763.
[13] Manjunath, Usha & Pareek, R P. (2003). Maternal Knowledge and Perceptions about the Routine Immunization Programme –A study in a semi urban area in Rajasthan. Indian Journal of Medical Sciences. Vol. 57, No. 4. 158-163.
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Oluwole Victor Oluwalomola, Ebenezer Obi Daniel, Paul Olaiya Abiodun, Israel Olukayode Popoola, Kabir Yunusa Amari, et al. (2020). Factors Influencing Utilization of Child Immunization Services in a Tertiary Health Institution in Sokoto North-West Nigeria. International Journal of Immunology, 8(2), 25-32. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.iji.20200802.13

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    ACS Style

    Oluwole Victor Oluwalomola; Ebenezer Obi Daniel; Paul Olaiya Abiodun; Israel Olukayode Popoola; Kabir Yunusa Amari, et al. Factors Influencing Utilization of Child Immunization Services in a Tertiary Health Institution in Sokoto North-West Nigeria. Int. J. Immunol. 2020, 8(2), 25-32. doi: 10.11648/j.iji.20200802.13

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    AMA Style

    Oluwole Victor Oluwalomola, Ebenezer Obi Daniel, Paul Olaiya Abiodun, Israel Olukayode Popoola, Kabir Yunusa Amari, et al. Factors Influencing Utilization of Child Immunization Services in a Tertiary Health Institution in Sokoto North-West Nigeria. Int J Immunol. 2020;8(2):25-32. doi: 10.11648/j.iji.20200802.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.iji.20200802.13,
      author = {Oluwole Victor Oluwalomola and Ebenezer Obi Daniel and Paul Olaiya Abiodun and Israel Olukayode Popoola and Kabir Yunusa Amari and Ahmed Mamuda Bello and Christie Omolola Adams and Olayinka Victor Ojo},
      title = {Factors Influencing Utilization of Child Immunization Services in a Tertiary Health Institution in Sokoto North-West Nigeria},
      journal = {International Journal of Immunology},
      volume = {8},
      number = {2},
      pages = {25-32},
      doi = {10.11648/j.iji.20200802.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.iji.20200802.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.iji.20200802.13},
      abstract = {Despite our hygiene and safety some infections can still spread hence the need for vaccination and immunization of people especially during childhood. The high effectiveness of immunization in preventing diseases and death as made immunization one of public health’s most cost-effective intervention. When parents fail or do not complete their child’s vaccination, diseases that are long gone might re-appear. This study aimed at determining the knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers/guide towards immunization and the factors affecting utilization of immunization services in a tertiary institution in North-West Nigeria. One hundred and thirty-eight mothers/guides participated in this cross-sectional study. Respondents were recruited using a purposive sampling technique. A 47-item questionnaire on the self-reported knowledge, attitudes and practices towards utilization of immunization services was formulated and used for data collection. A focus group discussion which involved three vaccination health workers working in the health facility was also carried out in the study. A large proportion of the participants are within the age group of 21-30 (60.14%). Those who had no formal education, 53 (38.41%) were the majority. This study revealed that 93% have poor knowledge while 7% have good knowledge about immunization. 57.97% have good attitudes and 42.03% have poor attitude towards immunization. 52.90% have good practices while 47.10% have poor practices towards immunization. Level of education was revealed to have statistical significant relationship with mothers/guides knowledge, attitude and practice towards immunization. Factors such as lack of husbands’ consent, absence from town, sick child, travel cost and travel distance were reported to affect utilization of immunization services. According to the outcome of this study, it implies that a high proportion of mothers/guides have poor knowledge about immunization. Efforts should be made to appropriately educate mothers/guides on various vaccine preventable diseases and appropriate immunization schedules to ensure better compliance. Lack of husband’s consent is a major factor that affects the utilization of child immunization services by mothers/guides. Therefore, efforts should be targeted at educating men and employ necessary campaigns to change gender discrimination in relationships and households in this part of Nigeria.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Factors Influencing Utilization of Child Immunization Services in a Tertiary Health Institution in Sokoto North-West Nigeria
    AU  - Oluwole Victor Oluwalomola
    AU  - Ebenezer Obi Daniel
    AU  - Paul Olaiya Abiodun
    AU  - Israel Olukayode Popoola
    AU  - Kabir Yunusa Amari
    AU  - Ahmed Mamuda Bello
    AU  - Christie Omolola Adams
    AU  - Olayinka Victor Ojo
    Y1  - 2020/06/03
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.iji.20200802.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.iji.20200802.13
    T2  - International Journal of Immunology
    JF  - International Journal of Immunology
    JO  - International Journal of Immunology
    SP  - 25
    EP  - 32
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2329-1753
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.iji.20200802.13
    AB  - Despite our hygiene and safety some infections can still spread hence the need for vaccination and immunization of people especially during childhood. The high effectiveness of immunization in preventing diseases and death as made immunization one of public health’s most cost-effective intervention. When parents fail or do not complete their child’s vaccination, diseases that are long gone might re-appear. This study aimed at determining the knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers/guide towards immunization and the factors affecting utilization of immunization services in a tertiary institution in North-West Nigeria. One hundred and thirty-eight mothers/guides participated in this cross-sectional study. Respondents were recruited using a purposive sampling technique. A 47-item questionnaire on the self-reported knowledge, attitudes and practices towards utilization of immunization services was formulated and used for data collection. A focus group discussion which involved three vaccination health workers working in the health facility was also carried out in the study. A large proportion of the participants are within the age group of 21-30 (60.14%). Those who had no formal education, 53 (38.41%) were the majority. This study revealed that 93% have poor knowledge while 7% have good knowledge about immunization. 57.97% have good attitudes and 42.03% have poor attitude towards immunization. 52.90% have good practices while 47.10% have poor practices towards immunization. Level of education was revealed to have statistical significant relationship with mothers/guides knowledge, attitude and practice towards immunization. Factors such as lack of husbands’ consent, absence from town, sick child, travel cost and travel distance were reported to affect utilization of immunization services. According to the outcome of this study, it implies that a high proportion of mothers/guides have poor knowledge about immunization. Efforts should be made to appropriately educate mothers/guides on various vaccine preventable diseases and appropriate immunization schedules to ensure better compliance. Lack of husband’s consent is a major factor that affects the utilization of child immunization services by mothers/guides. Therefore, efforts should be targeted at educating men and employ necessary campaigns to change gender discrimination in relationships and households in this part of Nigeria.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana South America

  • Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana South America

  • Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana South America

  • Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria

  • Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria

  • Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana South America

  • Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana South America

  • Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana South America

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